The United States adopted the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) in 2002 in response to a series of U.S. accounting scandals and corporate governance abuse. Sony is subject to the SOX regulations because it is a foreign private issuer of equity securities registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and subject to SEC reporting requirements. Among other requirements, SOX requires the CEO and the CFO of Sony Corporation to sign certain certifications to accompany the Sony Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC, relating to the “fair presentation” of the consolidated financial statements, disclosure controls and procedures, and internal control over financial reporting. Sony has established "Disclosure Controls and Procedures," through which potentially material information is reported from important business units, subsidiaries, affiliated companies and corporate divisions and is reviewed and considered for disclosure in light of its materiality to the Sony Group. The "Disclosure Committee," comprised of officers and senior management of the Sony Group who oversee investor relations, accounting, corporate planning, legal, corporate communications, finance, internal audit and human resources, supervises the preparation of Sony's annual reports, current reports, quarterly earnings releases and other material disclosure, and assists the CEO, the President and the CFO in the establishment and implementation of the system and also in assuring the accuracy of financial reporting. Effective for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2007, SOX also requires the inclusion of a management report on the company's internal control over financial reporting in the Form 20-F. In order to ensure compliance with the requirement, Sony formed a cross-functional steering committee comprised of headquarters management to monitor necessary actions including documentation, testing and evaluation of controls and to perform oversight and assessment of the global evaluation. Based on the evaluation, management has concluded that Sony maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2009.